Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate.Development begins in 80% of young men between the ages of 20 and 30.There are acute and chronic prostatitis.Bacterial prostatitis occurs in 10% of cases.A combination of prostatitis with prostate adenoma and cystitis often occurs.
Prostatitis is usually treated at home, but in severe cases and acute forms, hospitalization may be required.
General information
Bacteria that cause inflammation of the prostate:
- Escherichia coli (the most common pathogen);
- Klebsiella;
- staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasmas;
- gonococci;
- Trichomonas
Main symptoms:
- burning in the urethra;
- feeling of heaviness when urinating;
- frequent urge to urinate, accompanied by unpleasant sensations;
- sluggish urine stream;
- Feeling of bladder fullness even after urinating;
- reduced potency;
- high temperature (in acute form).
Diagnostic methods:
- digital rectal examination of the prostate;
- Ultrasound examination of the prostate;
- microscopic examination of a smear;
- bacterial culture of the swab;
- Detection of bacterial DNA using PCR - Androflor.
Antibacterial therapy
The choice of antibiotics to treat prostatitis is quite limited.This is because only highly lipid-soluble antibiotics can accumulate in the prostate in sufficiently high concentrations.
List of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of acute prostatitis:
- fluoroquinolones;
- penicillins;
- cephalosporins;
- Aminoglycosides.
Antibiotics to treat chronic prostatitis:
- fluoroquinolones;
- macrolides;
- Tetracyclines.
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are the most effective drugs for bacterial prostatitis.Broad-spectrum medications.Effective against all prostatitis pathogens.
They are used for both acute and chronic prostatitis.
Side effects:
- Photodermatitis – allergic skin irritation under the influence of sunlight;
- Tendonitis – Inflammation of the tendons;
- Cardiac arrhythmia – prolongation of the Q-T interval;
- Fear;
- Sleep disorder.
Concomitant use of fluoroquinolones with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may result in convulsions similar to those seen in an epileptic seizure.
In the specific case of illness, the dosage and form of application can only be prescribed by the treating doctor.
Macrolides
The best drugs for prostatitis caused by intracellular pathogens - chlamydia and mycoplasma.They have an anti-inflammatory effect.
The disadvantage is the low effectiveness against the main pathogens Escherichia coli and Klebsiella.
They are used only for chronic prostatitis in the form of tablets or capsules.
Side effects:
- increased liver enzymes in the blood;
- bile stasis;
- Cardiac arrhythmia – prolongation of the Q-T interval
The course lasts 8 weeks.
Tetracyclines
Active against chlamydia and mycoplasma.Ineffective against common prostatitis pathogens.Their main advantage is that they are inexpensive and effective.
Used only for chronic prostatitis.
The duration of therapy is 8 weeks.
Side effects:
- peptic ulcer of the esophagus;
- liver and kidney damage;
- yellow discoloration of teeth;
- photodermatitis;
- impaired movement coordination.
Penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides
They are used in the form of injections in the following cases:
- severe course of acute prostatitis;
- lack of effect when taking fluoroquinolones;
- The main cause of prostatitis is gonococci.
Nitroimidazoles and nitrofurans
These drugs are used for prostatitis caused by Trichomonas.
It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol while taking it.
Side effects:
- metallic taste in mouth;
- impaired coordination of movements;
- increased liver enzyme levels in the blood;
- Decrease in the number of red and white blood cells.
Non-antibacterial therapy
To successfully treat prostatitis, especially chronic prostatitis, in addition to taking antibiotics, the following types of treatment are used:
- Prostate massage is the best way to improve blood supply and drain inflammatory secretions from the prostate.
- physiotherapy;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – not used simultaneously with fluoroquinolones;
- herbal preparations;
- Alpha blockers.